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The Partners for Advancing Health Equity (P4HE) Resource Library is a virtual portal containing action-oriented health equity research, practice, and policies. The library aims to increase equity in health by offering free access to field-tested, evidence-informed and evidence-based programs strategies and high-quality research.
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- In 2022, over 10% of the United States population aged 65 or older (6.5 million) lived with dementia. However, the disease burden is unequal; older adults racialized as Black experience 1.5–1.9 times higher incidence compared with older adults racialized as White and suffer steeper cognitive decline. These profound Black-White disparities in cognitive health stem from lifetime exposure to…April 2024Racism
- To use evidence on addressing racism in social care intervention research to create a framework for advancing health equity for all populations with marginalized social identities (e.g., race, gender, and sexual orientation). Such groups have disproportionate social needs (e.g., food insecurity) and negative social determinants of health (SDOH; e.g., poverty). We recommend how the Agency for…November 2023Social Environment, Racism
- Racial disparities in health are among the most disconcerting forms of inequity in the United States. Divergent health outcomes between Americans racialized as White and those racialized as Black, Latinx, and Indigenous do not stem from biological or genetic differences. To the contrary, “race” comes to have concrete consequences through social, economic, and political systems. Yet the political…October 2023Advocacy, Community-rooted/Participatory Research, Systemic Determinants, Healthy Housing, Racism
- An overwhelming body of evidence points to an inextricable link between race and health disparities in the United States. Although race is best understood as a social construct, its role in health outcomes has historically been attributed to increasingly debunked theories of underlying biological and genetic differences across races. Recently, growing calls for health equity and social justice…August 2023Policy and Practice, Racism
- Profound racial inequities were entrenched in crucial domains of American life long before COVID‐19. In the wake of the pandemic, these preexisting disparities deepened. Housing offers an arresting example. In 2019, just before the onset of the pandemic, 46% of renter households were paying more than 30% of their income toward rent, and nearly a quarter were spending more than half their income…April 2023Racism
- Racial residential segregation is considered a fundamental cause of racial health disparities, with housing discrimination as a critical driver of residential segregation. Despite this link, racial discrimination in housing is far less studied than segregation in the population health literature. As a result, we know little about how discrimination in housing is linked to health beyond its…April 2023Healthy Housing, Racism
- Background: Clinical algorithms that incorporate race as a modifying factor to guide clinical decision-making have recently been criticized for propagating racial bias in medicine. Equations used to calculate lung or kidney function are examples of clinical algorithms that have different diagnostic parameters depending on an individual’s race. While these clinical measures have multiple…February 2023Policy and Practice, Racism
- For many marginalized people, coping with discrimination is not a temporary condition. Rather it is endemic to living in a discriminatory society and a source of ongoing stress. In this paper, we explore the need to provide people struggling to cope with the skills to tackle not just the personal consequences of discrimination, but also to understand and address the root causes of their pain, and…November 2022Racism
- Structural racism causes stark health inequities and operates at every level of society, including the academic and governmental entities that support health research and practice. We argue that health research institutions must invest in research that actively disrupts racial hierarchies, with leadership from racially marginalized communities and scholars.We highlight synergies between…August 2022Community-rooted/Participatory Research, Racism
- On February 26, 2012, a Black child, Trayvon Martin, was executed in Sanford, Florida. Seventeen months later his killer was found not guilty. This is but one example of the state’s brazen disregard for Black life, rooted in the kidnapping and enslavement of Africans more than 400 years ago, and the ways in which they and their descendants were systematically tortured. Trayvon Martin’s murder…June 2022Social/Structural Determinants, Isms and Phobias, Racism
- U.S. media has extensively covered racial disparities in COVID-19 infections and deaths, which may ironically reduce public concern about COVID-19. In two preregistered studies (conducted in the fall of 2020), we examined whether perceptions of COVID-19 racial disparities predict White U.S. residents’ attitudes toward COVID-19. Utilizing a correlational design (N = 498), we found that those who…March 2022COVID-19/Coronavirus, Racism
- Few studies have illustrated how racism influences Black women’s use of reproductive health care services. This article presents findings of a collaborative study conducted by a research team and a reproductive justice organization to understand Black women’s concerns with sexual and reproductive health services. The qualitative research was conducted with Black women living in Georgia and North…February 2022Reproductive/Sexual Health, Policy and Practice, Racism
- Structural racism toward American Indians and Alaska Natives is found in nearly every policy regarding and action taken toward that population since non-Natives made first contact with the Indigenous peoples of the United States. Generations of American Indians and Alaska Natives have suffered from policies that called for their genocide as well as policies intended to acculturate and dominate…February 2022Policy & Law, Social/Structural Determinants, Historical Trauma, Systemic Determinants, Racism
- Theoretical research suggests that racialized felony disenfranchisement—a form of structural racism—is likely to undermine the health of Black people, yet empirical studies on the topic are scant. We used administrative data on disproportionate felony disenfranchisement of Black residents across US states, linked to geocoded individual-level health data from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study,…February 2022Policy and Practice, Racism
- Systemic and structural racism: Definitions, examples, health damages, and approaches to dismantlingRacism is not always conscious, explicit, or readily visible—often it is systemic and structural. Systemic and structural racism are forms of racism that are pervasively and deeply embedded in systems, laws, written or unwritten policies, and entrenched practices and beliefs that produce, condone, and perpetuate widespread unfair treatment and oppression of people of color, with adverse health…February 2022Policy and Practice, Systemic Determinants, Racism
- Hate crimes against Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) have surged in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic to alarming new levels. We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study, and found that COVID-19 related racial/ethnic discrimination was associated with greater odds of having depression, anxiety, non-suicidal self-injury, binge drinking, and suicidal ideation among AAPI…November 2021Mental/Behavioral Health, Racism
- Chronic kidney disease is an important clinical condition beset with racial and ethnic disparities that are associated with social inequities. Many medical schools and health centres across the USA have raised concerns about the use of race — a socio-political construct that mediates the effect of structural racism — as a fixed, measurable biological variable in the assessment of kidney disease.…November 2021Chronic Disease, Racism
- This article has four aims. First, we briefly review the basic principles and processes described in life course theory. Second, we discuss racial residential segregation (RRS) and disproportionate rates of Black premature mortality as examples of systemic and structural racism (i.e., racialized policies and practices), which operate as fundamental drivers of the social and health inequities…September 2021Policy & Law, Racism
- Black people living in Africa must be involved in setting the priorities for global health research, policies and programs that affect their daily lives, in order to move away from a funding culture that fosters colonialism, racism and white supremacy. The killing of George Floyd in the United States in 2020 bolstered the Black Lives Matter movement that began in 2013 and sparked unprecedented…June 2021Interventions, Systemic Determinants, Global Health, Racism
- Internalized racism, or the acceptance of negative stereotypes about one’s own racial group, is associated with psychological distress; yet, few studies have explored the longitudinal impact of internalized racism on the psychological well-being of African American emerging adults. Furthermore, racial identity’s role as a protective factor in the context of internalized racism remains unclear.…April 2021Mental/Behavioral Health, Racism
- Physicians still lack consensus on the meaning of race. When the Journal took up the topic in 2003 with a debate about the role of race in medicine, one side argued that racial and ethnic categories reflected underlying population genetics and could be clinically useful. Others held that any small benefit was outweighed by potential harms that arose from the long, rotten history of racism in…August 2020Illness/Disease/Injury/Wellbeing, Racism
- Maternal morbidity and mortality (MMM) is a significant problem in the USA, with about 700 maternal deaths every year and an estimated 50,000 "near misses." Disparities in MMM by race are marked; black women are disproportionately affected. We use Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory to examine the root causes of racial disparities in MMM at the individual (microsystem), interpersonal…July 2020Maternal Morbidity and Mortality, Medicaid, Racism
- Objective: One of the fundamental challenges in research on, and the practice of, anti-racism is helping people open their minds to new possibilities and new ways of thinking.Design: This commentary illustrates how art can help people unlearn misinformation and narrow ways of thinking while enhancing flexibility that allows people to think creatively about efforts to eliminate or mitigate the…July 2020Advocacy, Racism
- COVID-19 will not only have a disparate impact on historically under-resourced and marginalized communities, but also carries the risk of deepening pre-existing racial inequities in health care access, treatment, and social service delivery. Even a health care system striving to provide fair and equal treatment to all persons is not immune to structural racism and the other inequities that exist…April 2020Policy and Practice, Racism
- Recent attention to the interrelationship between racism, socioeconomic status (SES) and health has led to a small, but growing literature of empirical work on the role of structural racism in population health. Area-level racial inequities in SES are an indicator of structural racism, and the associations between structural racism indicators and self-rated health are unknown. Further, because…January 2020Social Environment, Systemic Determinants, Racism
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