Artificial intelligence and algorithmic bias: implications for health systems

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a family of techniques where algorithms uncover or learn associations of predictive power from data. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. The most tangible form of AI is machine learning, which includes a family of techniques called deep learning that rely on multiple layers of representation of data and are thus able to represent complex relationships between inputs and outputs. However, learned representations are difficult for humans to interpret. (author abstract)